Messages in AirborneWindEnergy group.                           AWES9436to9488 Page 86 of 440.

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9436 From: dave santos Date: 6/22/2013
Subject: Re: More Flight Modes of interest to AWES Design

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9438 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/22/2013
Subject: TwingTec

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9441 From: dave santos Date: 6/22/2013
Subject: Re: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9442 From: paolo musumeci Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9443 From: dave santos Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9444 From: roderickjosephread Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9445 From: dave santos Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9446 From: Rod Read Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9447 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/24/2013
Subject: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9448 From: dave santos Date: 6/24/2013
Subject: Re: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9449 From: dave santos Date: 6/24/2013
Subject: A look a TwingTec's new kite

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9450 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Swing in circles the wing and its tether at end of a stick to launch

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9451 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Article study. Circa January 2013: F, Z, M, K.

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9452 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Article study. Circa January 2013: F, Z, M, K.

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9453 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Mothra kixel steering demo by Rod Read on June 25, 2013

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9454 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: AWE IP Pool Update

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9455 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Article study. Circa January 2013: F, Z, M, K.

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9456 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Mothra kixel steering demo by Rod Read on June 25, 2013

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9457 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Mothra kixel steering demo by Rod Read on June 25, 2013

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9458 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: SwissKitePower on Einstein

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9459 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: A look a TwingTec's new kite

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9460 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Could Rogallo have been right?

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9461 From: mmarchitti Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: Re: Swing in circles the wing and its tether at end of a stick to la

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9462 From: dave santos Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: New Single-Skin Kites

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9463 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: Re: New Single-Skin Kites

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9464 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: Re: New Single-Skin Kites

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9465 From: dave santos Date: 6/27/2013
Subject: Crosswind-Power Separate Motion Transfer (SMT)

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9466 From: dave santos Date: 6/27/2013
Subject: Rock-the-Kite Call for participation (Kitestock, AWEfest)

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9467 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Goodyear's inflatable aircraft

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9468 From: dave santos Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Single/Double-Skin Hybrid KF Soft Kite

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9469 From: roderickjosephread Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Ice Cream Cone anyone?

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9470 From: Bob Stuart Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Ice Cream Cone anyone?

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9471 From: Muzhichkov Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Wind research

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9472 From: dave santos Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Springer AWE Textbook Concern partly resolved

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9473 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Ice Cream Cone anyone?

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9474 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9475 From: Muzhichkov Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9476 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9477 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: Critique invited

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9478 From: dave santos Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: The common flaw in all the "LCOE < ~.02USD per kWhr" claims

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9479 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: Re: The common flaw in all the "LCOE < ~.02USD per kWhr" claims

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9480 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: New front page to EnergyKiteSystems.net

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9481 From: dave santos Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Personal Invitation to Fly AWES at AWEfest 2014, NYC (Please Forward

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9482 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Progress?

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9483 From: dave santos Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: KiteShip SolarKite as NASA Asteroid Grand Challenge Contender?

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9484 From: dave santos Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Dynamic Soaring the Jet stream (links)

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9485 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Re: Dynamic Soaring the Jet stream (links)

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9486 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Re: KiteShip SolarKite as NASA Asteroid Grand Challenge Contender?

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9487 From: Muzhichkov Date: 7/1/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9488 From: Doug Date: 7/1/2013
Subject: Re: The common flaw in all the "LCOE < ~.02USD per kWhr" claims




Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9436 From: dave santos Date: 6/22/2013
Subject: Re: More Flight Modes of interest to AWES Design
DaveL wrote: "Very interesting statements [quoted below]…maybe you would elaborate on these and explain them more fully."
 
Statement 1- "A helpful explanation of reversed dynamical semantics of related engineering fields is that perception of "stability" depends on viewpoint, under Galilean relativity."
 
Answer- From the traditional pilot-centric or aircraft-designer (internal) POV, the desired flight state is "smooth", and deviation into oscillating modes is called instability. This usage is pragmatic, since even steady oscillation is a bothersome instability of the steady flight state. Modern dynamical systems theory takes a global (external) POV where steady oscillation is a "dynamic stability". As both AWES pilots and theorists, we take either viewpoint as needed. Galilean relativity allows that both viewpoints are correct in respective inertial contexts.
 
Statement 2- "Spiral Instability; the basis for auto-gyro operation"
 
An instability is sensitivity to specific conditions. Aircraft spiral instability progressively manifests as aerobatic spins and the flat-spin is a clear case of the entire aircraft acting like a crude auto-gyro. A wind turbine rotor is engineered to rotate in a "flat-spin". Its steady-state rotation is properly described as a dynamic-stability under dynamical science. Once again, stability-instability perception depends on POV.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9438 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/22/2013
Subject: TwingTec
TwingTec
Who, what, when, where, with whom, how much?   

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9441 From: dave santos Date: 6/22/2013
Subject: Re: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept
AWE Encampment Postcard:
 
Laurel and Hardy demonstrate "fast motion transfer" AWES :) 
 




Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9442 From: paolo musumeci Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept
well Dave my preferred way is spaghetti western


paolo

Sent from my iPhone

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9443 From: dave santos Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"
Keywords: dynamic-stability, passive-control, passive-stability, metastability, basin-of-attraction, sticky-states*
 
Low-Complexity AWE school advocates passive-control techniques, with many well-known advantages. For example, AWES loss of overlaid active-control can be recovered by a forced landing in a default passive-control mode. Rather than an unrecoverable crash, a small repair suffices.
 
Dynamical Systems Theory studies such cases, and seeks to be universally axiomatic, Thus, the same essential dynamical principles are observed across diverse systems (like metastabilities within basins-of-attraction). For lack of well-developed dynamical studies of AWES, we depend on similarity-cases like this study of hybrid passive-active control (even including human pilotage)-
 
http://www.northeastern.edu/actionlab/Action%20Lab%20Publications/Wei.Dijkstra.Sternad.JNP07.pdf

The same abstract system behaviors are seen in many Low-Complexity AWE experiments, but a lot more study is needed to develop the domain science.
 
 
* like a kite in a tree :)
=========================== 

Bouncing a ball: tuning into dynamic stability.

Source

Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA. dxs48@psu.edu

Abstract

Rhythmically bouncing a ball with a racket was investigated and modeled with a nonlinear map. Model analyses provided a variable defining a dynamically stable solution that obviates computationally expensive corrections. Three experiments evaluated whether dynamic stability is optimized and what perceptual support is necessary for stable behavior. Two hypotheses were tested: (a) Performance is stable if racket acceleration is negative at impact, and (b) variability is lowest at an impact acceleration between -4 and -1 m/s2. In Experiment 1 participants performed the task, eyes open or closed, bouncing a ball confined to a 1-dimensional trajectory. Experiment 2 eliminated constraints on racket and ball trajectory. Experiment 3 excluded visual or haptic information. Movements were performed with negative racket accelerations in the range of highest stability. Performance with eyes closed was more variable, leaving acceleration unaffected. With haptic information, performance was more stable than with visual information alone.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9444 From: roderickjosephread Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"
Read your email too late...
At the very end ...
These observations are consistent with the notion that
actors stabilize and flexibly control their behavior in the con-
text of task, environmental, and informational constraints (e.g.,
Newell 1986; Warren 2006). The task affords passive stability,
perturbations may arise from environmental influences, and
errors introduced by external perturbations provide information
to guide the adaptive corrections. To account for this blend of
control, perceptually based tuning of the passively stable dy-
namics should be included in the purely passive ball bouncing
model

Had I read and understood that earlier today, I wouldn't have stood so far forward in the swells...
Result: An internal influence (cockyness) pushed the board, sail and sailor system out of the range of passive control ... into catapult range.
bust the foot of the sail and harness lines, plus I got slammed into the Basin of Attraction.

Sometimes even when it's your own future at stake, there are better models of control than humans can provide
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9445 From: dave santos Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"
Rod wrote-
 
"...there are better models of control than humans can provide.."
 
Like what? This sort of unhelpful statement is like Doug claiming he saw some amazing principle without saying what, just to be annoying (as if he really had found something).
 
There really is no better model of control than human mastery. True mastery ranges far beyond the half-hour training the experimental design employed in this study. Human mastery may indeed be found to be "sensitive to the boundary of stability". There is no better model known for high-dimensional chaos-control than human mastery. No machine yet comes close.
 
Note that Kitesurfing is not passive-stable. Your mishap only implies that more passive-stability, or more mastery, was wanted, not less.



Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9446 From: Rod Read Date: 6/23/2013
Subject: Re: "Passive Stability and Active Control in a Rhythmic Task"
OK, retraction, Humans are the best at controlling, in terms of
our ability with near instantaneous and strategic control of wild systems and

we design control systems which negate the needs of human intervention for continuous crash aversion.

Certainly nothing rides a windsurfer better than a human.
I definitely need more mastery and I should probably use a more passively stable device than a windsurfer for my own safety. 

I was pointing to was the demons of the human conscious... No matter what the awesome device is ... we are going to look for patterns in it and play with it's performance parameters.

Todays crash was caused by an experiment requested by my "Imp of the Perverse"
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Imp_of_the_Perverse_%28short_story%29

It's great that we can recognise odd conditions and tune / adjust / prestall / recover our kit before a destructive event.  With attention, a job to focus on and warning, Our huge control skills can be usefully employed. But never trust that a human will keep on the ball 100%. Humans are so easily distracted.

Now, I've just made a hexmesh mothra model which I hope will thrust across wind ...
See  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QeRVCKp8yCc&feature=share&list=UU2eAHVBBCoO19xBuGOY73Z   as a guide
A Mothra arch will be passively stable in a large range of conditions. (correct)
yet it could benefit from human control. absolutely.

The model would be 4 loadpaths threaded through a hexmesh, kixels in the mesh cells, all  flown as an arch.

The control I'm trying to address in this model is a collective crosswind thrust.
via a collective addressing system for kixel steering.

If each kixel wingtip tether goes through a ring, mounted onto a square or hex mesh net so as the ring can move on that cell edge. After passing through the ring if the tether attaches to a loadpath line .
.
.
Then pulling the mesh LHS - RHS as on the loadpaths at the feet pulls the kites over to pull right.
Also with the front pair of loadpaths moving front  relative to back LHS - RHS turns the kite anticlockwise from above.

So hopefully one day soon we can have fun experimenting with the crash / perform envelope of this class of device.

cc3.0 by nc sa

Rod Read

Windswept and Interesting Limited
15a Aiginis
Isle of Lewis
HS2 0PB

07899057227
01851 870878


Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9447 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/24/2013
Subject: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept

Posted By:Mon May 20, 2013 8:34 am  |
  • Options
Leo Goldstein has validated the same powerful crosswind AWES mode by numerical modeling as KiteLab Austin has empirically validated in by testing during the current Encampment. We even observed load velocities faster than the sweeping-parafoil by the bowstring-effect.
 
The only difference is in secondary details:
 
-Leo envisioned a belt loop drive, but KiteLab Austin employed a single pumped line with elastic return.
 
-KiteLab Austin also implemented a "Pulley-Filter" (Whipple Tree), to allow control-inputs to bypass power-output.
 
 
"Fast Motion Transfer" crosswind methods are a great advance over the common slow-downwind reeling designs, with a superior cycle and load velocity in less airspace, with less mechanical complexity and capital investment.
 
Congratulations to Leo for his fine intuition and perseverance. This work also validates closely related concepts, like DaveL documented by Joe Hadzicki, which were my introduction to this concept-space.
 
CC BY NC SA
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9448 From: dave santos Date: 6/24/2013
Subject: Re: Encampment Cross-Validates Leo's "Fast Motion Transfer" Concept
A clarification:
 
The "inventive leap" of fast crosswind kite motion with two or more tethers to drive a groundgen dates at least to Payne in the 70's (whose scheme is essentially duplicated in design variants by Leo, KiteLab Austin, JoeH, etc., etc.).
 
Leo is rightly credited on the Forum for lately adding to the interest in this Low-Complexity AWES concept space, but not as the original inventor, as his patent effort and writings tacitly presume (he has not been able to do due-diligence in reviewing prior art). The only plausible claims to novelty in this well-known AWES school is in endless minor details. There is no blocking IP seen, IMHO, given the test of "obviousness" to us skilled-in-the-art, and the mountain of prior-art.
 
There is a golden opportunity for open-source AWE to proceed in Payne's footsteps, along these general lines...
 
 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9449 From: dave santos Date: 6/24/2013
Subject: A look a TwingTec's new kite
Pictures of the newest tensairity wing-spar kite from the Swiss Kite Power Project-
 
 
Strange old "top five" AWES article linked off Twing's article, which I did not recall-
 




 
    
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9450 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Swing in circles the wing and its tether at end of a stick to launch
MACHINE TRANSLATION FROM ITALIAN TO ENGLISH, so some fuzzy phrases may result: 

Mario Marchitti shares: 

Some time ago on this list I analyzed two take-off mode, http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/ group/kitegen/message/1605

This morning, while I was studying an article by Lorenzo Pheasant control, http://arxiv. org/pdf/1301.1064 , I've come up with another possibility for take-off, valid only when there is little or no wind on the ground. It is to transform the pan, which is currently seeking to perform with the stem itself, in a full rotation, several times, thus giving a tangential velocity to the kite, and then an apparent wind, greater than that which is obtained with the current short rotations alternating clockwise and counterclockwise. The transaction is expected to result in a slight modification to the electrical system: the inclusion of sliding contacts between the camera body and the structure of the igloo, instead of cables will continue, transmit electrical current. ------------------------ Since I'm here take this opportunity to ask for clarification. The camera body suspended under the fifth wheel would involve construction, installation and management is not indifferent. I wonder what are the advantages in current provision and which disadvantages the turntable if it were placed on the ground, his body leaning machine, such as a small carousel.   
Mario Marchitti
===================================================

Summary by me: The method of swinging stick (stem) around in full circles for a launching option is considered. Some change in the design of the groundstation would be needed.  ~JoeF
 
The mentioned linked paper has interest in its own right. A separate topic thread will be opened momentarily for examining that paper in itself.

This topic thread invites focus on the swinging rotatingly in circular paths--in one direction-- a tethered wing during very low to calm near-ground winds for the purpose of getting wing to sufficient altitude where there would be adequate ambient wind to control the wing in other patterns for further altitude gains. The target would be to reach upper winds that would support energy-production operations of the wing.    The ancient method of using tethered wing at end of stick for swinging the wing in circles in order to launch the kite system's wing into upper stronger wind is being explored in detail for AWES at several centers of research; and we have some former posts discussing the matter.  We invite KiteGen to continue to post their experiences with the method.  And on topic, any notes from others that are exploring the same are invited. 
 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9451 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Article study. Circa January 2013: F, Z, M, K.
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1301.1064.pdf                                          [[Reply, please, while scrubbing tail message.]]
Inviting discussion of the paper (Submitted on 6 Jan 2013)
 
Automatic crosswind flight of tethered wings
for airborne wind energy:
modeling, control design and experimental results
by L. Fagiano , A. U. Zgraggen,  M. Morari, and M. Khammash

See article. 

For convenience, their references:
References
[1] Ampyx power website,  http://www.ampyxpower.com/  

[2] Windlift website, http://www.windlift.com/   

[3] Kitenergy website, http://www.kitenergy.net/        [[Ed: Not to be confused with www.KiteEnery.net  ]]

[4] Enerjite Gmbh website, http://www.enerkite.com/ 

[5] EISG project "Autonomous flexible wings for high-altitude wind energy generation", experimental test movie, August 2012. Available on–line: http://lorenzofagiano.altervista.org/movies/EISG_UCSB_auto_wing.mp4    

[6] F. Amato. Quadratic stability. In Robust Control of Linear Systems Subject to Uncertain Time-Varying Parameters, volume 325 of Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences, pages 31–92. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2006.

[7] I. Argatov, P. Rautakorpi, and R. Silvennoinen. Estimation of the mechanical energy output of the kite wind generator. Renewable Energy, 34:1525, 2009.

[8] J. H. Baayen and W. J. Ockels. Tracking control with adaption of kites. IET Control Theory and Applications, 6(2):182–191, 2012.

[9] M. Canale, L. Fagiano, and M. Milanese. Power kites for wind energy generation. IEEE Control Systems Magazine, 27(6):25–38, December 2007.

[10] M. Canale, L. Fagiano, and M. Milanese. High altitude wind energy generation using controlled power kites. IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, 18(2):279 –293, mar. 2010.

[11] Michael Erhard and Hans Strauch. Control of towing kites for seagoing vessels. arXiv, abs/1202.3641, 2012.
[12] L. Fagiano, K. Huynh, B. Bamieh, and M. Khammash. On sensor fusion for airborne wind energy systems. arXiv, 1211.5060, 2012.

[13] L. Fagiano and M. Milanese. Airborne wind energy: an overview. In American Control Conference 2012, pages 3132–3143, Montreal, Canada, 2012.

[14] L. Fagiano, M. Milanese, and D. Piga. High-altitude wind power generation. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 25(1):168–180, mar. 2010.

[15] L. Fagiano, M. Milanese, and D. Piga. Optimization of airborne wind energy generators. International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Controll, 22(18):2055–2083, 2011.

[16] Lorenzo Fagiano. Control of Tethered Airfoils for High–Altitude Wind Energy Generation. PhD thesis, Politecnico di Torino, Italy, February 2009. Available on–line: http://lorenzofagiano.altervista.org/docs/PhD_thesis_Fagiano_Final.pdf  

[17] A. Ilzhöfer, B. Houska, and M. Diehl. Nonlinear MPC of kites under varying wind conditions for a new class of large-scale wind power generators. International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, 17:1590–1599, 2007.

[18] M. L. Loyd. Crosswind kite power. Journal of Energy, 4(3):106–111, 1980.

[19] Makani Power Inc. http://www.makanipower.com  

[20] S. Skogestad and I. Postlethwaite. Multivariable Feedback Control. 2nd edition. Wiley, 2005.

[21] SkySails GmbH & Co., 2010. http://www.skysails.info   

[22] E.J. Terink, J. Breukels, R. Schmehl, and W.J. Ockels. Flight dynamics and stability of a tethered inflatable kiteplane. AIAA Journal of Aircraft, 48(2):503–513, 2011.

[23] C. Vermillion, T. Grunnagle, and I. Kolmanovsky. Modeling and control design for a prototype lighter-than-air wind energy system. In American Control Conference (ACC), 2012, pages 5813 –5818, June 2012.

[24] P. Williams, B. Lansdorp, and W. Ockels. Optimal crosswind towing and power generation with tethered kites. Journal of guidance, control, and dynamics, 31:81–93, 2008.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9452 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Article study. Circa January 2013: F, Z, M, K.
Title typo repair: 
Automatic crosswind Flight of tethered wings
for airborne wind energy: modeling, control design and experimental results
---------------------------
Commentary flow starting: 
The article seems to focus on the two-phase Yo-yo method having the traction phase and the passive phase.     I ache over the choice of "passive" in the costing phase, as the phase is very active under their consideration; they examine the costing phase that has the winch activate to pull lines in.   
      The article seems, in first blush, if I am not mistaken, to miss in its introduction any mentioning of the systems that are passively active nearly 100% of the time without a costing phase, as in a shunting loop, for one, where there is not a costing winding-in of lines.  Or the active-active-active tri-tether methods introduced and demonstrated by Dave Santos that have not a costing phase during continuous production. Or shunting arches or jiggling domes, etc.  The article admits a specialized focus: "We focus on the problem of controlling the wing in order to fly along ï¬gure-eight paths in crosswind conditions."    

~JoeF

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9453 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Mothra kixel steering demo by Rod Read on June 25, 2013
Mothra kixel steering demo
by Rod Read on June 25, 2013


Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9454 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: AWE IP Pool Update
A round of industry consolidation (mergers and acquisitions) is underway, which has renewed the discussion of IP securitization and monetization as a "Patent Pool" (IP Pool, more precisely). The following summarizes and expands earlier Forum Discussion.
+++++++++++++
 
AWE IP Pool Theory of Operation (Notes)
 
 
The IP Pool would be managed by a business cooperative "owned" by member IP Holders. The Kite Power Cooperative might be the ideal umbrella for the Pool
 
The goal of the Pool would be low IP cost to the energy market, to maximize investment growth.
 
"Fair Use" of IP in poor energy disadvantaged populations and by "small" "personal" DIY efforts would be exempted under a Share-Alike innovation model.
 
Bulk IP would have a low base value, with key strategic IP, as determined by peer review, a bonus value. The strategy for significant IP holder revenue would be major market-growth, with cash-advances to inventors financed by the cooperative.
 
IP holders unhappy with cooperative Pool governance could quit or avoid the pool, to seek independent license agreements. The Pool would have a critical mass greater than any single-player IP license possibly could, and offer investors the best protection against IP trolls.
 
IP Pool Management would collect license fees and redistribute them to IP holders, taking a small percentage for overhead.
 
All participating AWE investors and IP holders benefit from the IP Pool. An Investment Fund like WOW requiring acquisitions to join the pool is merely the way IP royalties come onto the balance sheet, as a business model.
 



 
    
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9455 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Article study. Circa January 2013: F, Z, M, K.
JoeF,
 
Overall, this is nice work, a balanced program of theory and successful experiment. I especially liked the discussion of shortcomings in AWE MPC, like model-mismatch.
 
Good point about the semantic confusion in calling the tricky Retract Phase of the Yo-Yo paradigm a "Passive Phase". Lets reserve "passive" for embodied logic.
Thanks for pointing out that AWE academia still overlooks the proven existence of continuous power phases, such as KiteLab Ilwaco's old looping-kite-under-a-pilot-kite, as tapped by a tri-tether.
 
A most wonderful development will be when our academic friends undertake formal study of the computational equivalences between active and passive control, and the optimal hybrids,
 
daveS



Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9456 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Mothra kixel steering demo by Rod Read on June 25, 2013
Really Cool dirty prototyping. The upside down trick really rocks.
 
Once we master 2-axis Kixel Steering, our kixellated domes will fly equally well in any wind direction, and be phased step-towed to wobble in small circles to maintain flight in calm. Crosswind wobble is the power-generating mode.
 
This will be a tremendous revolution in aviation, not just AWE.
 




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Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9457 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: Mothra kixel steering demo by Rod Read on June 25, 2013
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9458 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: SwissKitePower on Einstein
SwissKitePower

http://www.swisskitepower.ch/this-thursday-we-will-be-on-tv-with-einstein/


"Please go ahead to the time 23:28 to get directly to our part"


Team is excited advancing on their explorations!  Handsome partner set!

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9459 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Re: A look a TwingTec's new kite
Tail detail: 
  
 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9460 From: dave santos Date: 6/25/2013
Subject: Could Rogallo have been right?
 
The original soft-kite was the paleolithic PlaySail. Many traditional kites evolved as more-or-less complex soft kites. Controversy exists in AWE R&D over soft-kites, mainly due to poor information.
 
NASA's legendary kite designer, Francis Rogallo, invented a soft-kite that continues to thrive in kite sports, known as the NASA Power Wing (NPW)*.  Rogallo's theory was that a single-skin fabric wing would be unbeatable in many aerospace applications, especially where megascale performance was needed at minimal weight and cost. The NPW is a robust low-cost master of the flight envelope of our most-probable winds.
 
KiteShip's OL kite was the first post-MPW breakthrough, reducing the many bridle lines of the NPW to just three. Its not ugly, its an attractive dancing hippo. Mothra-tech (pure loadpaths and tarps) is the latest single-skin advance upon Rogallo's original insight. Mothra represents a hearkening back to the old playsail, on the AWES engineering Iterative Spiral.
 
If Rogallo was right, soft single-skin wings will dominate in key AWE settings.
 
 
* The Barish SailWing and other efforts share credit with Rogallo for modern single-skin advances. Dave Culp is a key recent figure, via the OL. A large number of folks contributed to Mothra's birth.
 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9461 From: mmarchitti Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: Re: Swing in circles the wing and its tether at end of a stick to la
The concept I was thinking of can be seen in this video.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=lvH3f-0QTho

I think that if there is some wind on ground it will be difficult to rotate the stem-kite.

Several proposal for the kite taking off have been discussed during these years, and some of them have been also implemented and tested in the KiteGen plant. It is not an easy task.

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9462 From: dave santos Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: New Single-Skin Kites
A new crop of Single-Skin traction kites, including an early peek at a "secret" FlySurfer prototype-
 
 
----------Note----------
 
The fabric load-curtains that distribute bridle stress to the skin can perhaps be bettered by also running span-wise; thus forming a sort of waffle-grid bottom surface (include water/sand drain holes). Some similarity cases include hot Maori kite wings (with a rough grid bottom wattle texture), dimples on a golf-ball, and NASA-derived bluff-body fairings (based on box cavities). The principle involved is that a ball-vortex forms in each pocket created, and acts as sort of low-drag aero ball-bearing (or isolated turbulators on a wing top, to keep flow attached). There is also the possible helpful effect of more close-entrained air mass/intertia, with flight characteristics closer to double-skin. A single spanwise load-curtain at or inside the B-line might be ideal, to help keep the LE half-pipe pressurized. This is more a stagnation effect than a line vortex.
 
Word is that these SS kites do water-launch. These early single-skins are more technical (tricky) to fly, which limits their appeal, but there are many improvements still waiting to be tried...

 
--------Random Notes-----------
 
Kite line or membrane under tension acquires structural stiffness comparable or superior to "rigid" wing structure. There is no inherent velocity limitation on sufficiently-tensed single-skin wings in most of our flight regimes.
 
If one measures the total structural stiffness of an optimal soft-kite arch, including the ground between anchors, it far exceeds a single-anchor rigid kiteplane in the same space.
 
Aluminum can cheaply offer total protection of thin wing membranes from UV, and also carry a large amount of electrical surface current. Such a 2D conductor can sustain itself in flight, as integral wing surface.

CC BY NC SA

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I am sorry for the Yahoo "CSNBC Jobs" Spam Virus 
that hijacked the Contact List for this mail account. 
Please accept this apology for any trouble caused.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9463 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: Re: New Single-Skin Kites
This was posted in KiteForum and seems to rub close to this topic: 


Related to this discussion are the following realms: 
== David Barish's Glide Wing single-layer. Single-skin.
== Rogallo's single-layer limp kites and their strategic stiffening. Single-skin.post HERE.
== NPWs with terra-bound anchors or moving anchors or free-falling anchors (gliding kites, gliding parachutes, canopy hang gliders). Single-skin.
== Pere Casellas and the BarretinaHyperLite simple surface kites and PGs HERE. Single-skin.
== PlaySail. Single-skin.
== Mothra arch kites Single-skin. HERE.
== Non-rotating arch ribbon kites Single-skin.
== Some spider webs . Single-skin.
== David Culp's OutLeader with three bridle lines. Single-skin.
== Tarp flying ... single skin
== Ozone's single-skin
== FlySurfer single-skin

Single-skin development is not a done-deal. Texture, turbulators, shaping, bridling, material choices, chordwise shaping, spanwise shaping, etc. form an exciting development era.. From flags to just before double-layering Jalbert is a spectrum of play that will keep many exploring yet for some time to come. 


BaretinaHyperLite wrote:
Image



Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9464 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/26/2013
Subject: Re: New Single-Skin Kites
CONSIDER? 
Explore ciliated fuzz bottom-surface texture for single-skin wings. What will the air entrainment do to performance, handling, depowering, re-powering, etc.? Strategic ciliation? Specialized patterns of ciliation? Length and design of the hairs? Reports are invited. 

JoeF
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9465 From: dave santos Date: 6/27/2013
Subject: Crosswind-Power Separate Motion Transfer (SMT)
One of the fine contributions Leo Goldstein is making to AWE is in analyzing Crosswind Power "Separate Motion Transfer"(SMT). 
 
SMT is a well-known principle in classic kites and AWES design*, but lacked its formal terminology. Leo's study and advocacy of the SMT concept-space adds to the momentum for Low-Complexity AWE.
 
 
 
* Many KiteLab Group AWES experiment have used SMT, with many far older precedents in kite history.
 




 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9466 From: dave santos Date: 6/27/2013
Subject: Rock-the-Kite Call for participation (Kitestock, AWEfest)
For two years, Util planning for an AWE event at FreshKills (or other major) Park in New York City has been followed on this Forum. There is provisional approvals from the NYC Parks Dept., and a Who's-Who of major AWE experts and teams are aboard. Planning is being finalized for the kite-powered music event next spring.
 
Now is the time for all interested small AWES developers to step forward as special "Rock the Kite"* participants**. If you have been a Forum regular, this is a real-life invitation to gather. There is a small upfront cash-budget to share for costs, and the event may generate huge success and go on tour around the world. Rock-the-Kite will be a people's favorite; an evolving blizzard of strange artisanal-energy aircraft.
 
 
Ed is serving as the Technical Director of the overall event, so contact him at edoishi@yahoo.com to be included.
 
 
* Rock-the-Kite is a TM of the collective members
** Other top AWE teams are participating in their own name.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9467 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Goodyear's inflatable aircraft
Mentioned before, but Wayne thought this neat to pass on,
I agree: 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9468 From: dave santos Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Single/Double-Skin Hybrid KF Soft Kite
There is a hybrid soft-wing concept-space between a full parafoil, and a single-skin kite; based on Kline-Fogelman (KF) Airfoils, which incorporate backward-facing steps. Its been gradually confirmed, despite skeptics, that select versions do in fact enhance performance (RC modelers have not doubted). A particular KF variant of interest to kite wing design, the KFm-1, has a section like a conventional foil, but with a step mid-chord, on the underside.
 
To make such a wing, select a high AR COTS parafoil and add a single-skin aft "skirt" to extend the TE, doubling the area. Rig new D-lines to the new TE. The neatest way to increase angle of attack is to draw the TE center down into a sort of keel, with the wingtips remaining relatively washed-out; otherwise, a scalloped edge results.
 
The KF Soft Kite may be a superior trade-off, a synergism even, between the luff-resistant double-skin parafoil against the lighter, simpler, cheaper single-skin wing.
 
CC BY NC SA
 
 
KFm-1 performance is well reported in this linked master's thesis-




 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9469 From: roderickjosephread Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Ice Cream Cone anyone?
http://youtu.be/AYVrJ3nBFlU

Might be wooly for uber tech folk.
If you want all the numbers.  don't watch it.

If you want to ask, Could this concept evolve into to an optimal use of material ?
give it a look


Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9470 From: Bob Stuart Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Ice Cream Cone anyone?
I think not.  The challenge of wind is to concentrate a diffuse energy source.  A tension structure is an excellent choice for that, but running windmills in the reduced velocity wake of other windmills is not.  Perhaps a much flatter cone would help.  Using kites to keep a torque tube from collapsing is interesting, but probably too much drag for long proportions.  Maybe there is a sweet spot in the middle of all that, if you can manage to get it launched.  It looks pretty enough to attract funding.

Bob Stuart

On 28-Jun-13, at 1:46 PM, roderickjosephread wrote:


Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9471 From: Muzhichkov Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Wind research
Hi everybody! For the moment I'am involved in one wind energy station project (a commone one). For the same project was made a very expansive research (3 years, 3 70-meters stations http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%92%D0%AD%D0%A1). Do you know anybody uses kite systems for such kind of researches? It may be a good idea an bring money.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9472 From: dave santos Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Springer AWE Textbook Concern partly resolved
Dear Springer AWE Textbook Editors,
 
It was a pleasure to talk to Leo Goldstein by phone, and finally clear up concern regarding his submission to the Springer AWE Textbook.
 
When Leo first contacted a small list of AWE domain experts with his admirable work, he forwarded a white paper where his scheme was described as an "ultimate" AWES solution. When it was learned that he had submitted a chapter to the Textbook Editors for closed peer-review, the fear arose that such language might be part of his submission, pass closed review, and then be construed literally, so concerns were openly raised. Coincidentally, a new Wikipedia Editor under the tag AWECrosswind, posted exaggerated claims to primacy of Leo's work, which further raised concerns. Long-time advocates of closely similar Low-Complexity AWE prior art, especially those like me withholding contribution to the Springer book (due to its Singapore ownership connection and closed peer-review), felt that Leo might unfairly be made the face of fast-crosswind-motion by separate-motion-transfer.
 
Leo has just reassured me that his Textbook submission omits the subjective speculative claims. The Textbook Editors were nonresponsive on this point (a tacit consistency-of-peer-secrecy presumed), but Leo's affirmation in the open-realm allays concern over his submission. The Textbook Editors are re-informed that Leo's contribution to Low-Complexity AWE theory is well regarded by his open reviewers (although we have not seen the chapter text). We look forward to working closely with Leo in the future.
 
There is a lingering concern that the Springer AWE Textbook will have serious flaws that open peer-review would easily prevent. A brief open-comment period for the AWE community would surely prevent some errors and omissions from being established in print, if instead a strict closed peer-review model is enforced. The Editors are asked to please take this precaution for the common good.
 
Thank you for your careful consideration of the issue,
 
dave santos
KiteLab Group
 




 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9473 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Ice Cream Cone anyone?
Lets model it as a line-laundry of a main lifter train whilst driving a
torque cable to run a pump or generator.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9474 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research
Getting potential windpower-site wind-profile histories by use of kite systems? Or kite-balloon systems? Who is doing what in this sector? If anyone?
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9475 From: Muzhichkov Date: 6/28/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research
ok, balloons with small turbines for wind speed measuring. it also some kined of airborne wind generator. Some energy, produced by board-turbines, can be used for the equipment requirements. It's good chance to say that AWE is not just a theory.

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9476 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research
A RAT (ram-air turbine) onboard  could have its output as a measure of the winds. Kytoon :: kite balloon. 
Calibrate.  Zero.   Radio transmit results to receiver that keeps in memory a result each time period selected. 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9477 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: Critique invited
Editors and critiques are invited concerning the coverage and detail in the article that anyone may edit: 
Crosswind_kite_power  Some editors, perhaps yourself, may do things differently in the article because of anyone's efforts here in group AWES. What crosswind kite power method may be missing?  Etc.  No one owns the article. By policy, unfortunately, perhaps, the article is not a place to post one's personal research. But right now, while the article is in its infant stage, surely there are missing significant crosswind kite power methods and references.  The article, by policy, cannot be a platform for blatant selling of products or for promotion of some specific point of view (POV).  References are to be reliable as possible. What is noteworthy that is missing?   The Timeline is just born and surely there are Timeline things that editors will post yet.   What in AWE is NOT crosswind kite power (CWKP)?  What is not CWKP would be matter for a different article.  No one editor owns the content of the article.  The article will probably be effective in helping AWE RAD. 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9478 From: dave santos Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: The common flaw in all the "LCOE < ~.02USD per kWhr" claims
Its the most consistent and incredible economic claim in the AWE "industry", that kite energy can be dirt cheap; even as little as .01USD per kWhr. Seldom, if ever, are detailed calculations offered, and most of the claims are the resound of the AWE hype echo-chamber. Just where is the error in these numbers?
 
I have re-reviewed some of these claims and found a major common omission. Without naming names, since the error is pervasive and innocent, the common omission is to not properly account for "fixed" aviation regulatory and safety costs. Up to about 90% of aviation costs (excluding fuel) are the cost of liability and hull insurance, superior maintenance, frequent inspections, safety redundancy, and all the associated regulatory costs. Offshore operations are not an escape, since the hostile environment negates regulatory savings.
 
Therefore, the obsolete AWE LCOE estimates need to be multiplied by ten or so. Adjusted LCOE estimates then range from around .10-.20 USD per kWhr, as a far more realistic projection. This is still quite attractive, given the many unique advantages upper-wind can offer.
 



 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9479 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: Re: The common flaw in all the "LCOE < ~.02USD per kWhr" claims
http://www.energykitesystems.net/LCOEforAWES/index.html
We may receive direct notes, essays, polished papers, links, or notes placed in this topic thread for growing the folder on LCOE for AWES.    
Thanks for inputs. 

~JoeF
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9480 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/29/2013
Subject: New front page to EnergyKiteSystems.net
New front page of 

Welcome all ...
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9481 From: dave santos Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Personal Invitation to Fly AWES at AWEfest 2014, NYC (Please Forward
NOTE: This is an incomplete invitee list. Several parties have already accepted: Please forward as needed. Sorry if your name, by accident, did not make the first invitation round.
 
To: Pierre, Alex, Dan, Doug, Grant, Jeremy, Robert,  Olly, Rod, etc.; WPI, Rowan, UCSB, Princeton, NASA-LARC, etc.; Enerkite, Kitebot, Swiss Kite Power, VisVentis, NTS, etc.
 
------------------------------------------------
 
Dear AWE Pioneer,
 
There are still only a few who have ever created a working AWES concept*. Like a "newborn-baby", no matter how small or weak, what matters is the fine inspiration and potential of these experiments. The art can only grow stronger as we work together.
 
Everybody who has created early AWE is invited to directly participate in AWEfest next year, which will be a historic kite-energy powered music event in NYC. There are funds to cover basic expenses, and if the event is fiscally successful, a World Tour and considerable R&D funding may develop. Please contact Ed Sapir, the technical coordinator (Cc:ed), with your logistical needs. Please help with fundraising, if possible, since initial funds are tight.
 
It is intended that AWES design will greatly benefit from close collaborative experimentation; that the format of group flying will help drive the technology forward. We will pool our electrons to "rock" the world.
 
Thanks for your wonderful contributions to pioneering AWE,
 dave santos
 
KiteLab Group
Kite Power Cooperative
Rock-the-Kite Collective
* Partial demonstrations count, provided some power can be made at the event.
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9482 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Progress?
Hey, a news article that did not mention SWP, Mag'n, JoEgy, or  Goo'L-Mak: 

..but it still knows of only two of hundreds:   (it as if these writers either have not heard of a search engine, 
or they are frontmen for special interest pretending to be journalists, not sure; this is after 12 years of renaissance flow; it is tempting me to lose faith in ... something, not sure yet of what ..)

Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9483 From: dave santos Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: KiteShip SolarKite as NASA Asteroid Grand Challenge Contender?
On June 18, NASA announced a dramatic open competition to come up with concepts suited to deflect catastrophic asteroids. Solar sails are a top contender, with special advantage where there is sufficient lead time to apply the small but consistent fueless force. KiteShip's OL version is arguably the ultimate in simplicity and weight-to-power; the most advanced concept yet. If a more monumental SolarKite (launchable in pieces) is wanted, a train can be built.
 
NASA public event (long zzzz video)-
 
 
KiteShip's 2007 SolarSail Kite page-
 



 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9484 From: dave santos Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Dynamic Soaring the Jet stream (links)
Gabor will enjoy this:
 
From a new Popsci article-
"...Now a team at Lehigh University, led by engineering professor Joachim Grenestedt, is refining the concept. Working with funds from their school and the National Science Foundation, the team is developing a large unmanned vehicle designed for perpetual flight. They recently completed a 21-foot-long wing of carbon-fiber composite designed to fly in jet streams above 20,000 feet and able to withstand speeds of up to 300 mph and forces of up to 20 Gs (dynamic soaring can be tough on a wing). Later this year, the team will carry out low-altitude tests with a model sailplane. If all goes well, Grenestedt says, he will aim his craft, called the JetStreamer, into the jet stream, where winds can reach 200 mph..."
An earlier paper-
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9485 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Re: Dynamic Soaring the Jet stream (links)
For the sake of methods' view for a cousin to this topic, we  post here a review note about the use of wind-layer differentials by the different soaring method of  wings at both ends of a tether set where the wings may operate to crosswind mode to effect soaring, tacking, travel, energy production, practical-payload carrying.  Both types of potential ever-up soaring belong in the  FFAWE Club 
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9486 From: Joe Faust Date: 6/30/2013
Subject: Re: KiteShip SolarKite as NASA Asteroid Grand Challenge Contender?
Tether two extant heavenly bodies; couple a small body to the larger one; let the small one's drag and effect alter the larger body's trajectory.  The system forms a kite system flying in the plasma stream.

~JoeF
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9487 From: Muzhichkov Date: 7/1/2013
Subject: Re: Wind research
Group: AirborneWindEnergy Message: 9488 From: Doug Date: 7/1/2013
Subject: Re: The common flaw in all the "LCOE < ~.02USD per kWhr" claims
Dave S.
Nothing new here.
All "Professor Crackpots" (and others) feel obligated to state that their proposed method would lower costs for wind energy. Otherwise, they have only so many rationalizations for anyone to listen to them.
(birds, noise, "urban" performace...)

An almost limitless number of energy-harvesting schemes are possible, but only ones that offer lower costs are economically viable. The good professor is cornered: he MUST look at competing costs from wind turbines and gas turbines, and beat the current 4 cents/kWh PPA price point. We've watched wind energy fall from around 20 cents to 4 cents in the last couple decades (or something close to that).

To get funding from grants or investors, the finding decision-makers need to see a projection of lower costs, or why fund a project?

As I've pointed out, almost every new wind energy concept starts out with a package of lies, whether the purveyor even is aware of that fact. Lower levelized COE is just one of the big lies.

What else is the good professor going to say? He's normally going to offer a 100% solidity solution that misses every pertinent aspect of wind energy, and instead targets phantom problems that exist only in the professor's imagination.

Therefore you see giant metal savonius turbines proposed, using maglev bearings. Why the maglev bearings? Well the good professor, as it turns out, is so completely ignorant that:
1) He doesn't realize the Savonius design is the least efficient beginner design known;
2) He thinks bearing drag is a problem with wind turbines.
3) He can't understand that a solid structure 450-feet tall could never come close to competing with a 450-foot-tall structure offering 2% solidity, with regard to cost. His 100% solidity structure might cost hundreds of millions, giving little power, which is why such a contraption has never been built. Yet the promoters are obligated to cite an orders-of-magnitude lower-than-realistic levelized COE.

It just goes to show, few fields offer as many idiotic notions, combined with endless distractions, as wind energy. Add the airborne aspect, and before long you're talking about deflecting comets and everything under the sun, since as long as there is no obvious path to lower cost energy, the instinct is to talk about every other possible problem under the sun. Diversions and distractions abound and dominate. The biggest problem under the sun for wind energy today is the falling cost of solar and NatGas.

Anyway, yes all new wind energy schemes must rationalize their existence by stating a lower levelized COE. If you understand anything about the art, you clearly see most schemes offered to radically change the art of wind energy as complete nonsense, with the absurdly-low promised COE just the easiest lie to instantly flag.

Understanding the reasons involves being able to dissect all the lies that the professor is telling himself, or all the issues he either doesn't understand or is not addressing, including his erronous assumptions, that lead to the erroneous predictions of such cost savings.

One good test is usually to tell the Professor to develop a small version and show how it outperforms existing small turbines. He hates that. That puts the ball in his court. He wants the ball to stay in your court. He'd rather talk about how economies of scale are essential for him to reach that lower COE, how the market share for small wind is too trivial to bother developing, especially since his invention is so overwhelmingly important.

How could he ever waste the time to prove it at a small scale, when global warming is such an emergency? Just don't ask him how he is going to afford to replace that 2% solidity rotor with his 100% solidity rotor, at a lower cost. He HATES that...

In truth, you can't really even have a logical discussion of any type with most of these people - they are impossible designs, promoted by impossible people!

Sound impossible? Nope, that's the way it is.
:)
Doug S.