Parameters in AWES, Kite Energy Systems
Analysts are invited to describe their assumptions, contexts, parameters, sample uses, illustrative analysis, references, ...

See also:  Variables  | Parameters  |  Parameters of interest to investors  |
 | Aspects  | AWE aspects | Methods  |

LCOE- Very tricky to design for, perhaps the most complex key variable of all.
Max Power- An top deliverable, but no good at all if other critical variables are neglected.
Max Stability- Generally overlooked in favor of active autonomy beyond current state-of-the-art.
Safety- Absolutely essential and well understood, but with complex economic dimensions.
KIS (Low Complexity)- Early favored and possibly unbeatable, but requires great faith and focused discipline.
Operations- Many ideas are doomed by gaps in operational practicality (like jumbo kiteplane VTOL).
Capital Cost- A high LCOE is acceptable in many cases if the "cost of entry" is low enough, and payback is fast.
Maximized Space- Land and airspace efficiency will determine acceptability in key cases.
Robust Reliability- Essential, but deeply interdependent with other essential variables.
Insurability, Regulatory Compliance, Social Factors, etc..

Discuss: AirborneWindEnergy/message/8292

• Non-standard parameters and units
• Standard parameters and units
• SI units
• Economics
• power to space
• Physics
• Wind
• Energy
• Mechanics
• Sport
• wiki/International_System_of_Units
• wiki/Gravity
• Force
• rotary load velocity          rotational velocity under load

AR = aspect ratio
C_D = aerodynamic drag coefficient
C_L = aerodynamic lift coefficient
C_M = aerodynamic moment coefficient
D or F_D = aerodynamic drag force [N]
E = E-modulus [N/m2]
f = frequency [1/s]
F_a = resultant aerodynamic force vector [N]
g = gravitational acceleration vector [m/s2]
h = altitude [m]
I = inertial moment [kg m2]    [[Indicated multiplication, as multiplication dot will be reserved for dot product of vectors]]
l = length [m]
L or F_L = aerodynamic lift force [N]
M_a = aerodynamic moment vector [Nm]
m = mass [kg]
n = normal vector
p = pressure [N/m2]
P = power [W]
r = radius [m]
r = position vector [m]
S or A = surface area [m2]
t = time [s]
T or F_t = tether force [N]  [[ t here in subscript is for "tether"]]      tension    | Line Encyclopedia |
u = control vector            
v = velocity [m/s]
v_a = apparent wind velocity = (v_w  −  v_k) [m/s]        wiki/Apparent_wind  [[ k here in subscript is for kite]]
v_k = velocity of kite                            
v_w = wind velocity [m/s]  [[ w here in subscript is for wind]]
v_∞ = free stream velocity [m/s]
x = state vector                     Orbital_state_vectors
α = angle of attack [rad]
β = sideslip angle [rad]
η = efficiency
κ = camber
λ = crosswind factor
ρ = air density [kg/m3]
ω = angular velocity  [[The SI unit of angular velocity is radians per second.]]  [ s⁻¹ ]

    =  angular acceleration  [ s⁻² ]    [rad/s2]      [Author is to define symbol without confusion with other parameters; α  is common, but do not confuse with angle of attack.]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roll-pitch-yaw       

(x,y,z)=
(roll, pitch, yaw)=
(P,Q,R)

Coordinates and rotation sets P,Q,R = roll, pitch, and yaw angular velocities  [s⁻¹], with the agreement that (x,y,z) = (roll axis, pitch axis, yaw axis)=(tail to nose fuselage axis, center to right wing tip axis, center to down normal to roll and pitch axes) under right hand directioning.  Note: Avoid being confused by geometric lettering. Convention has it:  P for the roll.  Q for the pitch. R for the yaw.     Aeronautics: "xyz convention"   "time derivative of angles"    Concern:  "gimbal lock"  "body frame"   
 

• Lecture 6 : Aircraft orientation in 3 dimensions
• http://www.euclideanspace.com/physics/kinematics/angularvelocity/pqrderivation.pdf
• PQR apparatus, roll-pitch-yaw apparatus, x-y-z apparatus,  Euler angles ,    ΦΘΨ,
    Φ roll,   Θ pitch,   Ψ yaw.    Some authors differ in definitions.
• http://www.kionix.com/sites/default/files/AN020%20Orientations%20and%20Rotations.pdf
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axes_conventions
• Due to the special importance of international conventions in air vehicles, several organizations have published standards
  to be followed. For example, German DIN has published the DIN 9300 norm for aircraft^[2] (adopted by ISO as ISO 1151–2:1985).
•  North, East, Down, referred as NED, used specially in aerospace

r,θ,φ = radial distance, polar angle, and azimuthal angle [rad]
x,y,z = Cartesian coordinates [m]
φ,θ,ψ = roll, pitch, yaw angles [rad]

• Inertial frame of reference
• Velocity
• Acceleration
• Radian
• Angle
• Position vector

Unless otherwise defined, right-handed coordinate systems are a first choice in notes.

SI Units: m :: meters,   s :: seconds of time,  rad :: radians,  kg :: kilogram (mass),  m3 is the cube of meters,

Call for parameter notes was posted:     AirborneWindEnergy/message/8205    Dec. 14, 2012.

•  "crosswind-speed-ratio" (CSR) comes closest to a consistent nomenclature...(ratio of crosswind airspeed to true windspeed)      ~ds, Dec. 14, 2012        [[This would be a scalar quantity, not a vector.  ~JpF]]
• v

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy
  Richard Feynman, "It is important to realize that in physics today, we have no knowledge what energy is. We do not have a picture that energy comes in little blobs of a definite amount."
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Work_(physics)  
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(physics)  
•  
• Kite is a combine of three sets: wing set, tether set, resistive or reaction or anchor set

`

Other derived units:
kilowatt hour  kW h  or kWh  {The terms power and energy are frequently confused. Power is the rate at which energy is generated or consumed. Power therefore has the unit watts, which is joules per second. A unit of energy is kilowatt hour}
joule  J